Analysis of participation and reaction after the introduction of mobile apps
Introduction The introduction of Computer Assisted Language Learning (CALL) to the English classroom in the 1980s brought the implementation of software programs in the first place and the emergence of “applications, online blogs and vblogs (video blogs), virtual learning environments, online courses, and more” (Gafni, Achituv, & Rachmani, 2017, p. 303) afterwards. Following CALL, Mobile Assisted Language Learning (MALL, also known as m-learning) was introduced in the 21st century. Studies demonstrated that MALL provided students with immediacy, portability, spontaneity, connectivity and, in turn, meaningful learning “since learners can take their handheld computers into authentic learning environments such as a museum or a zoo” (Luque-Agulló & Martos-Vallejo, 2015, p. 83). According to Gafni, Achituv and Rachmani (2017), “learning through mobile applications provides easy access to learning materials, individual place and time of study, immediate feedback, and self-tes...